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Submitted
April 4, 2026
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June 2, 2026
Published
June 12, 2026
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Abstract

Background: Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is a severe form of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy with significant maternal health implications. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a gram-negative bacterium associated with gastric conditions, has been proposed as a contributing factor through gastric mucosal inflammation, hormonal interactions, and immune responses.


Aim: To assess the relationship between H. pylori infection and hyperemesis gravidarum.


Methods: A prospective case-control study was conducted at Bint al-Huda Hospital, Thi Qar City, from December 2023 to December 2024. Ninety-eight first-trimester pregnant women were enrolled: 50 with HG (cases) and 48 without HG (controls). Serum H. pylori IgG levels were measured using ELISA. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 26 (p ≤ 0.05).


Results: Mean age was comparable between groups (29.08 ± 3.4 vs. 28.9 ± 2.8 years; p = 0.053). Most participants were housewives residing in rural areas, with no significant inter-group differences. H. pylori IgG seropositivity was significantly higher in HG cases than controls (72% vs. 29%; p < 0.001). Infected women demonstrated more severe clinical manifestations, including dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.


Conclusions: A significant association between H. pylori infection and hyperemesis gravidarum was identified, suggesting H. pylori may exacerbate gastrointestinal symptoms. Routine screening and eradication therapy may improve maternal outcomes. Further research exploring pathophysiological mechanisms is warranted

Keywords

H. Pylori Hyperemesis Gravidarum gram-negative bacterium

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Copyright (c) 2026 Wasan Shareef Hameed, Nadia Saddam Fahad (Author)

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Wasan Shareef Hameed and Nadia Saddam Fahad (2026) “Evaluation of the Relationship Between H. Pylori Infection and Hyperemesis Gravidarum”, Journal of Biomedicine and Biochemistry, 5(2), pp. 34–42. doi:10.57238/jbb.2026.7432.1169.
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How to Cite

Wasan Shareef Hameed and Nadia Saddam Fahad (2026) “Evaluation of the Relationship Between H. Pylori Infection and Hyperemesis Gravidarum”, Journal of Biomedicine and Biochemistry, 5(2), pp. 34–42. doi:10.57238/jbb.2026.7432.1169.
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